Was the Cold War Truly a Cold War Essay examples

The ‘Cold War’ is one of the most interesting ‘wars’ fought in world history. The sheer number of countries both directly and indirectly involved is enough to pose the question – To what extent was the Cold War a truly Global War? This essay will examine this idea. It will identify two main areas of argument, focusing on the earlier part of the conflict (1945-1963). Firstly it will examine the growing US and Soviet influence in the world post 1945. Secondly it will examine three main conflicts, the Berlin Blockade, the Korean War and the Cuban Missile Crisis that these two super powers were involved in. Overall this essay will argue that the Cold War was no doubt a truly global war. In order to understand this idea, it must first be†¦show more content†¦The original main idea of the Truman doctrine and the policy of containment were to support Turkey and Greece – who were on the verge of being subjugated to the Soviet Union and communism. They needed the assistance of an outside power to help them fight off this threat . The main point to understand this is that it set the precedent that the USA would help any country that was under threat from the Soviet Union in any way, including a communist government trying to take power. To have a balanced argument, it must be examined the influence that the Soviet Union had in this period. It can best be described in two parts – firstly the solidification of the communist states in Eastern Europe for example Czechoslovakia. In 1948, Josef Stalin approved a plan by the Czechoslovakian communists to seize power in the only democratic state left in Eastern Europe . This was shown as making a point that the Eastern European states will remain communist and he would make sure that they did. An example from the 1950’s is the October 1956 Revolution against communism in Hungary. Russian tanks had stormed into Budapest and with the support of the AVN (Soviet backed Hungarian Secret Police) brought Communism back into Hungary . To make a comparison, Stalin and the Soviet Union had in essence, a policy of expansion – to spread communism throughout the world. The USA on the other hand, wanted to try to containShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War and the War on Ter ror987 Words   |  4 Pagesthat during the Cold War and the War on Terror, many of the feelings that citizens felt were the same, but what America called the enemy was different. Following the September 11th attacks, there was a feeling of paranoia felt throughout America similar to the paranoia felt during the Cold War. Americans did not feel safe, and an attack could come at any time. The fight on the home front looked different during the Cold War and the War on Terrorism. During the Cold War there was more of a correlationRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet War1134 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War is the name granted to the tensions that developed between the USA and the USSR after World War II. The Cold War was an era of confrontation and competition between these two world powers that lasted from about 1946 to 1990. The Cold War was to dominate affairs for decades and many major crises occurred such as the Berlin Wall, Hungary, Vietnam, and the Cuban Missile Crisis ar e just a few examples of the problems that sparked as a result of the Cold War. For most, the growth in weaponsRead MoreEuropean Integration And The European Union1638 Words   |  7 Pagesgeographic concept was in the 7th/8th century BC through the infamous Myth of Europa (Greekmythology.com, 2015). The myth is about a Phoenician princess, Europa (after which the continent was named), who has a dream where she was called to by an unknown land telling her, she belongs to it (Greekmythology.com, 2015). Although this does not describe the geographic boundaries of the continent, it never the less goes to show that the concept of Europe being as one is nothing new. However, it was only untilRead MoreWho Was to Blame for the Cold War? Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesWho Was To Blame For The Cold War? The blame for the Cold War cannot be placed on one person -- it developed as a series of chain reactions as a struggle for supremacy. It can be argued that the Cold War was inevitable, and therefore no ones fault, due to the differences in the capitalist and communist ideologies. It was only the need for self-preservation that had caused the two countries to sink their differences temporarily during the Second World War. Yet many of the tensions that existedRead MoreA Cold Korean War Essays848 Words   |  4 PagesA Cold Korean War The Korean War existed as a bi product to the hegemonic struggle between the contrasting political views of communism and capitalism. The event became the first military conflict of the Cold War between the US and Soviet Union, and it commenced on June 25th, 1950. These powers would continue to battle through the use of surrogate wars and political propaganda. War began to change exponentially with technology, and atomic warfare threatening, and still threatens, the life on earthRead MoreHow Far Did Peaceful Coexistence Ease Cold War Tensions Between the Soviet Union and the Usa in the Years 19531008 Words   |  5 PagesHow far did peaceful coexistence ease cold war tensions between the Soviet Union and the USA in the years 1953-61? In the years 1953-61 some might say that the cold war tensions were eased by peaceful coexistence, with super power negotiations and key agreements paving the way for better relations. Despite this, the stronger argument suggests that ultimately, cold war tensions were not eased, the cold war continued for another 30 years. This was due to failure to negotiate anything of substanceRead MoreConcepts of the Cold War840 Words   |  4 Pagesconcepts that arose during the Cold War made a notable difference to the landscape of the next 60 years. Under the atmosphere of impending doom, many novel concepts were conceived that dramatically altered the psyches of generations to come. Mutually Assured Destruction, nuclear winter and the concept of psychological resistance are all good examples of how the Cold War altered the social fabric for years to come. The first, and best remembered, of these concepts was MAD, Mutually Assured DestructionRead MoreCauses Of The Cold War1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War was a political, ideological and sometimes indirect military confrontation that took place after the Second World War between the two largest powers in the world: The United States and the Soviet Union. The conflict between these two great powers intensified without a real war on the ground. It was a silent war characterized by both powers in an arms race with the most lethal weapons without actually using these weapons. That is why that war was known as the Cold War. In this paper,Read MoreThe Cold War : A New History By John Lewis Gaddis Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesI chose The Cold War: A New History by John Lewis Gaddis for my book to review. I originally read parts of this book for History of the International System, but we did not read the entire book in class, only certain chapters. It’s been two years since Ià ¢â‚¬â„¢ve picked up the book, and after reading about the Cold War in the context of U.S. foreign policy rather than simply an international history class, it seems like an entirely new book. I really like how the book into broken up into a series of themesRead MoreThe Cold War : The United States1172 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War was a significant time for the United States and the Soviet Union, while the rest of the world watched intently. Although no actual war took place, both of these powerful countries did their best to promote their political and ideological ideas while trying to gain some ground in the seemingly never ending arms race. This war was driven by both fear and the strive to become the strongest and most powerful country. During the time of the Cold War, the United States proved to be a strong

Social Conflict and Social Relations The Marxism Approach

Introduction Marxism is an approach of societal evaluation that targets societal conflict and class-relations making use of a materialist explanation of historical development, along with a dialectical view of social remodeling. Marxist evaluation uses economic and socio-political examination and applies it to the investigation and evaluation of the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change (Walicki, 1997). Marxism develops on a materialist knowledge of societal advancement, taking as its starting point the necessary economic activities needed by human society to take care of their subsistence (McLellan, 2007). Marxist evaluation describes radical polarization of classes in the capitalization†¦show more content†¦The double political uncertainties confronted by the socialist movements were: one is the decrease of its mass character; the other, the abandonment of its goal. Vladimir Lenin dialectically blended both challenges in his thought of an interventionist organization of revolutionaries–one that participates and tries to provide leadership in the day-to-day struggle to be able to win broader layers of workers to the revolutionary overthrow of the system when the appropriate conditions arose. To sustain the goal of the revolution, Lenin linked every unexpected demand to a revolutionary objective utilizing every single partial struggle to demonstrate the masses the necessity of general action and for insurrection against the reactionary rule of capital. Also, to make an effort ensuring that every single struggle of a limited character is prepared and directed in such a way as to have the capacity to lead the way to the mobilization and unification of the proletarian forces, rather than to their dispersal. Lenin developed the ideas about democratic centralism for the internal organization of the party. He fully understood that the party cannot really accomplish its responsibility without centralization. Democratic centralism makes it possible for the party to function in a multipurpose, unified manner and makes it possible for the working class to have an organization at its disposal that can help take advantage of revolutionary situations. When revolutionary conditionsShow MoreRelatedThree Theoretical Approaches to Sociology1326 Words   |  6 Pagessociological perspective was Functionalism, a paradigm which analyzes social structures (such as religion, schooling, or race relations) to deduce what social functions (such as marriage conventions, college attendance, or hiring practices) derive from them. This theoretical approach views society as a system of inter-dependent social functions each working to maintain equilibrium and stability within the whole. The social function of marriage, for instance, might be seen to derive from a religiousRead MoreKarl Marx And The Communist Manifesto Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pageswas written collaboratively by both Marx and Engels, as they explored the argument that â€Å"history and progress can be seen dialectically as societies shift from one mode of production to another†. This will be argued through a contextual account of Marxism, its development, critiques, and both the dependency theory and critical theory. Marx closely analysed the economic interactions within the capitalist community, arguing that the unfair wages were being distributed to workers due to capitalism beingRead MoreSpeech Relations in Constructivism Theory1599 Words   |  6 Pages Analysis of the speech in relation to Constructivism theory The ideas that countries float and advocate for at times of conflict usually lead to intense war or peace. In constructivism, the major idea is how structures put in place are influenced by persuasive ideas and common beliefs that countries bring into play in the international arena. Politics in the international community is a product of social construction emanating from common values and persuasive ideas asRead More Comparing Functionism, Marxism, and Social Action Theory Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pages Sociology is generally made up of three paradigms: Functionalism, Conflict Theory and Symbolic interactionism. A paradigm is a set of assumptions that shape and underlie explanations of why society is the way it is (Early Stratification Theory, internet 2003). Functional Theory is often traced from Durkheim, Parsons and Merton. Functionalists believe in shared norms and values, which are influenced by the Family, Education, church and employment. It sees Read MoreMarxist Theories Of International Relations903 Words   |  4 Pagesrole of economics in defining social and political relations. These were also exceedingly pessimistic in their approach, offering hardly any viable option to replace the capitalist system. The core principle of Marxism is that the world is divided not into politically determined nations but into economically determined classes. Subsequently, politics does not supersede economics, but rather economics trumps politics. The various Marxist theories of international relations agree that the internationalRead MoreMarx And Engels s Critique And Critique Of Capitalism1669 Words   |  7 Pagesand Engels wrote about economical in relation to the means or mode of production, ideology, alienation and most fundamentally, class relations (particularly between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat). Collectively, these two men created the theory of Marxism. There are multiple critiques of Marxism that attack the fundamental tenants of their argument. Several historical events have fueled such criticisms, such as the fall of the Soviet Union, where Marxism was significantly invalidated and condemnedRead MoreTheories Of Marxist Theory And Conflict Theory1066 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom one another. Marxist theory has connection with labeling theory and conflict theory. Marxist theory and conflict theory explains law and criminal justice but does not oversee multi-groups conflict of society (Akers 2017). Marxist theory is a sociological model which is based on conflict of classes (Akers 2017). Marx viewed the industrial society or capitalist society from a macro point of view. Marxism is also a conflict theory, believing that the structure of society contains contradictionsRead MoreKarl Marx s Theory Of Society1450 Words   |  6 Pagessociologist who was trying to look at society and how it can function in a new way. Marx’s was a German social philosopher, cultural commentator, and was political activist. He developed the terms â€Å"Conflict Theory† and â€Å"Marxism†. To start off with conflict theory is defined as a paradigm that see social conflict as the basis of society, social change and emphases a materialist view of society. Social inequality which is the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and among prestige members of societyRead Moresymbolic interactionism1449 Words   |  6 Pagessociological viewpoint that has shaped various matters of the practice as we know it today. Social interactionism particular focus is based on how individuals learn to interpret and also gives meaning to the world through interaction with others. The term â€Å"symbolic interactionism† is remotely used to distinguish the study of human life and conduct. It has been argued by sociologist that this has a micro approach and doesn’t stipulate any macro substance or in other words this philosophy concentratesRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1389 Words   |  6 PagesJimmy Hawthorne Mrs. Almack AP English 4 10/1/14 Marxism is a secular method for analysis focusing on class relations and societal conflict, which can be used to analyze The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Karl Heinrich Marx was born in Prussia on May 5, 1818 to Heinrich and Henrietta Marx. He explored sociopolitical theories and became a journalist creating socialist writings causing him to be banished from Germany and France. Marx is the creator of the Communist Manifesto which was published

Lexical Stylistic Devices Free Essays

LEXICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES Metaphor Genuine metaphors Trite(dead) metaphors Metonymy Metonymy Metonymy is the substitution of one word for another with which it is associated: ‘The White House said†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (the American government) ; the press (newspapers and magazines); the cradle(infancy, place of origin);the grave(death); The hall applauded; The marble spoke; The kettle is boiling; I am fond of Agatha Christie; We didn’t speak because there were ears all around us; He was about a sentence away from needing plastic surgery . Synecdoche Simile She passed through the grove like a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed across the garden. Cliche I want to die young at a ripe old age. We will write a custom essay sample on Lexical Stylistic Devices or any similar topic only for you Order Now Irony Irony Well done! A fine friend you are! ‘What a noble illustration of the tender laws of this favoured country! – they let the poor go to sleep! ’                Irony must not be confused with humour, although they have very much in common. Humour always causes laughter. But the function of irony is not to produce a humorous effect. Irony is generally used to convey a negative feeling: irritation, displeasure, pity or regret. Epithet Epithet coveys the subjective attitude of the writer as it is used to characterize an object and pointing out to the reader some properties or features of the object. Epithet aims at evaluation of these properties or features. Heart-burning smile; wild winds; fantastic terrors; voiceless sands;                unearthly beauty; deep feelings; sleepless bay. Fixed epithets (stock images) are mostly used in ballads and folk-songs: ‘true love’, ‘dark forest’, ‘sweet Sir’, green wood’; ‘good ship’, ‘brave cavaliers’. From the point of view of their compositional structure epithets may be divided into simple, compound, phrase and sentence epithets. Simple: dreary midnight; brilliant answer; sweet smile. Compound: heart-braking sigh; good-for-nothing fellow; Phrase epithets and sentence epithets: 1. ‘Personally I detest her (Giaconda’s) smug, mystery-making, come-hither-but-go-away-again-because-butter-wouldn’t-melt-in-my-mouth expression’. 2. There is a sort of ‘Oh–what–a-wicked-world-this-is-and-how-I-wish-I-could-do-something-to-make-it-better-and-nobler’ expression about Montmorency that has been known to bring to tea s into the eyes of pious old ladies and gentlemen. The reversed epithets, or metaphorical, are of two types: 1) two nouns are linked in an of-phrase: a devil of a job; ‘A little Flying Dutchman of a cab’2) The predicative is in the inverted position: ‘Fools that they are’; ‘Wicked as he is’                Transferred epithets describe the state of a human being but referred to an animate object: sleepless pillow; unbreakfasted morning; merry hours; an indifferent shoulder; sick chambers. Oxymoron Oxymoron is a combination of two words in which their meaning clash, being opposite in sense:                Sweet sorrow; pleasantly ugly face; deafening silence; horribly beautiful. The following example describes the author’s attitude to New York: ‘I despise its vastness and power. It has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great men, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers of any town I ever saw. (Satiric mocking) Allusion Allusion is reference to a famous historical, literary, mythological, biblical or everyday life character or event, commonly known. As a rule no indication of the source is given. It’s his Achilles heel. Antonomasia Antonomasia is intended to point out the leading, most characteristic features of a person or of event. It categorizes the person and simultaneously indicates both the general and the particular. Antonomasia can be defined as a variety of allusion:                Vralman, Molchalin, Mr. Zero, Don Juan. Metalepsis Metalepsis is a reference to something remotely associated with the theme of the speech. ‘I’ve got to go catch the worm tomorrow morning. ’ said Mary. (The early bird catches the worm- a proverb) Zeugma Zeugma (syllepsis) is the use of a word in the same grammatical but different semantic relations. It creates a semantic incongruity which is often humorous: 1. He lost his hat and his temper. 2. ‘†¦and covered themselves with dust and glory. -Mark Twain 3. Oae ai? au e aaa nooaaioa. Iaei a aaeioao, a? oaie – a oieaa? neoao. 4. The alphabet was above the blackboard and friendly atmosphere was there. 5. ‘And May’s mother always stood on her gentility; and Dora’s mother never stood on anything but her active feet’. Pun Pun (also known as paronomasia) is a deliberate confusion of similar – sounding words for humorous effect. Puns are often used in jokes and riddles. E. g. 1. What is the difference between a schoolmaster and an engine-driver? One trains the mind and the other minds the train. ) 2. The name Justin Time sounds like ‘just in time’ 3. I have no idea how worms reproduce but you often find them in pairs (pears). 4. Officer. -What steps (measures) would you take if an enemy tank were coming towards you? Soldier. – Long ones. Interjections and Exclamatory Words Inte rjections and Exclamatory Words are used to express our strong feelings; they are conventional symbols of human emotions. The interjection is not a sentence; it is a word with strong emotive meaning. Interjections radiate the emotional element over the whole utterance. Here are some of the meanings that can be expressed by interjections: joy, delight, admiration, approval, disbelief, astonishment, fright, regret, dissatisfaction, boredom, sadness, blame, reproach, protest, horror, irony, sarcasm, self-assurance, despair, disgust, surprise, sorrow, and many others. Oh! Ah! Pooh! Gosh! Alas! Heavens! Dear me! God! Come on! Look here! By the Lord! Bless me! Humbug! Terrible! Awful! Great! Wonderful! Fine! Man! Boy! Why! Well! Periphrasis Periphrasis denotes the use of a longer phrasing in place of a possible shorter and planer form of expression. It is also called circumlocution due to the round-about or indirect way to name a familiar object. There are traditional periphrases which are not stylistic devices, they are synonymic expressions: The giver of rings, the victor lord, the leader of hosts (king), the play of swords(battle), a shield-bearer(warrior), the cap and gown (student), the fair sex (women), my better half (my wife). The traditional periphrasis is an important feature of epic poetry. Periphrasis as stylistic device is a new, genuine nomination of an object. Stylistic periphrasis can be divided into logical and figurative. Logical: instruments of destruction (pistols), he most pardonable of human weaknesses (love). Figurative periphrasis is based either on metaphor or on metonymy. To tie the knot (to marry), the punctual servant of all work (the sun). There is little difference between metaphor or metonymy and periphrasis. Euphemisms Euphemism is a word or a phrase used to replace an unpleasant word or expressio n: to die=to pass away, to be no more, to depart, to join the majority, to be gone; to kick the bucket, to give up the ghost, to go west. So, euphemisms are synonyms which aim to produce a mild effect. Euphemisms may be divided into several groups:                1) religious, 2) oral, 3) medical, 4) parliamentary. a woman of a certain type(whore), to glow(to sweat),mental hospital(madhouse), the big C(cancer), sanitation worker(garbage man). Meiosis/Understatement Meiosis/Understatement is a figure of speech which intentionally understates something or implies that it is less in significance, size, than it really is. For example, a lawyer defending a schoolboy who set fire to school, might call the fact of arson a ‘prank’ (i? iaaeea). Hyperbole Hyperbole is a deliberate overstatement or exaggeration of a phenomenon or an object. He was so tall that I could not see his face. Proverbs and Sayings Proverbs and sayings are brief statements showing in condensed form life experience of the community and serving as conventional symbols for abstract ideas. They are usually didactic and image rearing. Proverbs and sayings have some typical features: rhythm, sometimes rhyme and or alliteration. 1. ‘Early to bed and early to rise, 2. Out of sight, out of mind. Iineiaeou iaeaaa? o aoeaaeuiui e/eee ia? aiiniui niuneii. Aeaia ioeoa ii iieaoo. Iiaiai? ee eia? o oieuei aoeaaeuiue ieai. Ai? y aiyouny- n? anouy ia aeaaou. Epigrams Epigrams are terse, witty statements, showing the turn of mind of the originator. Epigram is a stylistic device akin to a proverb, the only difference being that epigrams are coined by people whose names we know, while proverbs are the coinage of the people. ‘A God that can be understood is not a God. ’ Quotations Quotation is a repetition of a phrase or statement from a book, speech and the like used by the way of illustration, proof or as a basis for further speculation on the matter. By repeating the utterance in a new environment, we attach to the utterance an importance. Allegory Allegory is a device by which the names of objects or characters are used figuratively, representing some more general things, good or bad ualities. A type of allegory is Personification. Personification Personification is a form of comparison in which human characteristics, such as emotions, personality, behaviuor and so on, are attributed to an animal, object or idea. The proud lion surveyed his kingdom. The primary function of personification is to make abstract ideas clearer to the reader by comparing them to everyday human experience. How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth,                Stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year! Personification is often represented by the masculine or feminine pronouns for the names of animals, objects or forces of nature. He is used for the Sun, the Wind , for the names of animals (The Cat that walked all by himself), for abstract notions associated with strength and fierceness-Death, Fear, War, Love. She is used for what is regarded as rather gentle (the Moon, Nature, Beauty, Hope, Mercy. In neutral style there also some associations of certain nouns and gender. The names of countries, if the country is not considered as a mere geographical territory, are referred to as feminine (England is proud of her poets). The names of vessels and vehicles are also referred as feminine. Anthropomorphism Anthropomorphism is the form of personification consisting of creating imagery persons of inanimate objects. Common examples include naming one’s car or begging a machine to work. The use of anthropomorphized animals has a long tradition in literature and art. They are used to portray stereotypical characters, in order to quickly convey the characteristics the author intends them to possess. Examples include Aesop’s fables, famous television characters, Tom and Jerry, Mickey Mouse and a lot of other funny animals. How to cite Lexical Stylistic Devices, Papers Lexical Stylistic Devices Free Essays LEXICAL STYLISTIC DEVICES Metaphor Genuine metaphors Trite(dead) metaphors Metonymy Metonymy Metonymy is the substitution of one word for another with which it is associated: ‘The White House said†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (the American government) ; the press (newspapers and magazines); the cradle(infancy, place of origin);the grave(death); The hall applauded; The marble spoke; The kettle is boiling; I am fond of Agatha Christie; We didn’t speak because there were ears all around us; He was about a sentence away from needing plastic surgery . Synecdoche Simile She passed through the grove like a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed across the garden. Cliche I want to die young at a ripe old age. We will write a custom essay sample on Lexical Stylistic Devices or any similar topic only for you Order Now Irony Irony Well done! A fine friend you are! ‘What a noble illustration of the tender laws of this favoured country! – they let the poor go to sleep! ’                Irony must not be confused with humour, although they have very much in common. Humour always causes laughter. But the function of irony is not to produce a humorous effect. Irony is generally used to convey a negative feeling: irritation, displeasure, pity or regret. Epithet Related article: The Man With The Scar Essay Epithet coveys the subjective attitude of the writer as it is used to characterize an object and pointing out to the reader some properties or features of the object. Epithet aims at evaluation of these properties or features. Heart-burning smile; wild winds; fantastic terrors; voiceless sands;                unearthly beauty; deep feelings; sleepless bay. Fixed epithets (stock images) are mostly used in ballads and folk-songs: ‘true love’, ‘dark forest’, ‘sweet Sir’, green wood’; ‘good ship’, ‘brave cavaliers’. From the point of view of their compositional structure epithets may be divided into simple, compound, phrase and sentence epithets. Simple: dreary midnight; brilliant answer; sweet smile. Compound: heart-braking sigh; good-for-nothing fellow; Phrase epithets and sentence epithets: 1. ‘Personally I detest her (Giaconda’s) smug, mystery-making, come-hither-but-go-away-again-because-butter-wouldn’t-melt-in-my-mouth expression’. 2. There is a sort of ‘Oh–what–a-wicked-world-this-is-and-how-I-wish-I-could-do-something-to-make-it-better-and-nobler’ expression about Montmorency that has been known to bring to tea s into the eyes of pious old ladies and gentlemen. The reversed epithets, or metaphorical, are of two types: 1) two nouns are linked in an of-phrase: a devil of a job; ‘A little Flying Dutchman of a cab’2) The predicative is in the inverted position: ‘Fools that they are’; ‘Wicked as he is’                Transferred epithets describe the state of a human being but referred to an animate object: sleepless pillow; unbreakfasted morning; merry hours; an indifferent shoulder; sick chambers. Oxymoron Oxymoron is a combination of two words in which their meaning clash, being opposite in sense:                Sweet sorrow; pleasantly ugly face; deafening silence; horribly beautiful. The following example describes the author’s attitude to New York: ‘I despise its vastness and power. It has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great men, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers of any town I ever saw. (Satiric mocking) Allusion Allusion is reference to a famous historical, literary, mythological, biblical or everyday life character or event, commonly known. As a rule no indication of the source is given. It’s his Achilles heel. Antonomasia Antonomasia is intended to point out the leading, most characteristic features of a person or of event. It categorizes the person and simultaneously indicates both the general and the particular. Antonomasia can be defined as a variety of allusion:                Vralman, Molchalin, Mr. Zero, Don Juan. Metalepsis Metalepsis is a reference to something remotely associated with the theme of the speech. ‘I’ve got to go catch the worm tomorrow morning. ’ said Mary. (The early bird catches the worm- a proverb) Zeugma Zeugma (syllepsis) is the use of a word in the same grammatical but different semantic relations. It creates a semantic incongruity which is often humorous: 1. He lost his hat and his temper. 2. ‘†¦and covered themselves with dust and glory. -Mark Twain 3. Oae ai? au e aaa nooaaioa. Iaei a aaeioao, a? oaie – a oieaa? neoao. 4. The alphabet was above the blackboard and friendly atmosphere was there. 5. ‘And May’s mother always stood on her gentility; and Dora’s mother never stood on anything but her active feet’. Pun Pun (also known as paronomasia) is a deliberate confusion of similar – sounding words for humorous effect. Puns are often used in jokes and riddles. E. g. 1. What is the difference between a schoolmaster and an engine-driver? One trains the mind and the other minds the train. ) 2. The name Justin Time sounds like ‘just in time’ 3. I have no idea how worms reproduce but you often find them in pairs (pears). 4. Officer. -What steps (measures) would you take if an enemy tank were coming towards you? Soldier. – Long ones. Interjections and Exclamatory Words Inte rjections and Exclamatory Words are used to express our strong feelings; they are conventional symbols of human emotions. The interjection is not a sentence; it is a word with strong emotive meaning. Interjections radiate the emotional element over the whole utterance. Here are some of the meanings that can be expressed by interjections: joy, delight, admiration, approval, disbelief, astonishment, fright, regret, dissatisfaction, boredom, sadness, blame, reproach, protest, horror, irony, sarcasm, self-assurance, despair, disgust, surprise, sorrow, and many others. Oh! Ah! Pooh! Gosh! Alas! Heavens! Dear me! God! Come on! Look here! By the Lord! Bless me! Humbug! Terrible! Awful! Great! Wonderful! Fine! Man! Boy! Why! Well! Periphrasis Periphrasis denotes the use of a longer phrasing in place of a possible shorter and planer form of expression. It is also called circumlocution due to the round-about or indirect way to name a familiar object. There are traditional periphrases which are not stylistic devices, they are synonymic expressions: The giver of rings, the victor lord, the leader of hosts (king), the play of swords(battle), a shield-bearer(warrior), the cap and gown (student), the fair sex (women), my better half (my wife). The traditional periphrasis is an important feature of epic poetry. Periphrasis as stylistic device is a new, genuine nomination of an object. Stylistic periphrasis can be divided into logical and figurative. Logical: instruments of destruction (pistols), he most pardonable of human weaknesses (love). Figurative periphrasis is based either on metaphor or on metonymy. To tie the knot (to marry), the punctual servant of all work (the sun). There is little difference between metaphor or metonymy and periphrasis. Euphemisms Euphemism is a word or a phrase used to replace an unpleasant word or expressio n: to die=to pass away, to be no more, to depart, to join the majority, to be gone; to kick the bucket, to give up the ghost, to go west. So, euphemisms are synonyms which aim to produce a mild effect. Euphemisms may be divided into several groups:                1) religious, 2) oral, 3) medical, 4) parliamentary. a woman of a certain type(whore), to glow(to sweat),mental hospital(madhouse), the big C(cancer), sanitation worker(garbage man). Meiosis/Understatement Meiosis/Understatement is a figure of speech which intentionally understates something or implies that it is less in significance, size, than it really is. For example, a lawyer defending a schoolboy who set fire to school, might call the fact of arson a ‘prank’ (i? iaaeea). Hyperbole Hyperbole is a deliberate overstatement or exaggeration of a phenomenon or an object. He was so tall that I could not see his face. Proverbs and Sayings Proverbs and sayings are brief statements showing in condensed form life experience of the community and serving as conventional symbols for abstract ideas. They are usually didactic and image rearing. Proverbs and sayings have some typical features: rhythm, sometimes rhyme and or alliteration. 1. ‘Early to bed and early to rise, 2. Out of sight, out of mind. Iineiaeou iaeaaa? o aoeaaeuiui e/eee ia? aiiniui niuneii. Aeaia ioeoa ii iieaoo. Iiaiai? ee eia? o oieuei aoeaaeuiue ieai. Ai? y aiyouny- n? anouy ia aeaaou. Epigrams Epigrams are terse, witty statements, showing the turn of mind of the originator. Epigram is a stylistic device akin to a proverb, the only difference being that epigrams are coined by people whose names we know, while proverbs are the coinage of the people. ‘A God that can be understood is not a God. ’ Quotations Quotation is a repetition of a phrase or statement from a book, speech and the like used by the way of illustration, proof or as a basis for further speculation on the matter. By repeating the utterance in a new environment, we attach to the utterance an importance. Allegory Allegory is a device by which the names of objects or characters are used figuratively, representing some more general things, good or bad ualities. A type of allegory is Personification. Personification Personification is a form of comparison in which human characteristics, such as emotions, personality, behaviuor and so on, are attributed to an animal, object or idea. The proud lion surveyed his kingdom. The primary function of personification is to make abstract ideas clearer to the reader by comparing them to everyday human experience. How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth,                Stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year! Personification is often represented by the masculine or feminine pronouns for the names of animals, objects or forces of nature. He is used for the Sun, the Wind , for the names of animals (The Cat that walked all by himself), for abstract notions associated with strength and fierceness-Death, Fear, War, Love. She is used for what is regarded as rather gentle (the Moon, Nature, Beauty, Hope, Mercy. In neutral style there also some associations of certain nouns and gender. The names of countries, if the country is not considered as a mere geographical territory, are referred to as feminine (England is proud of her poets). The names of vessels and vehicles are also referred as feminine. Anthropomorphism Anthropomorphism is the form of personification consisting of creating imagery persons of inanimate objects. Common examples include naming one’s car or begging a machine to work. The use of anthropomorphized animals has a long tradition in literature and art. They are used to portray stereotypical characters, in order to quickly convey the characteristics the author intends them to possess. Examples include Aesop’s fables, famous television characters, Tom and Jerry, Mickey Mouse and a lot of other funny animals. How to cite Lexical Stylistic Devices, Essay examples

Current Technological Changes in Healthcare

Question: Discuss about the Current Technological Changes in Healthcare. Answer: Introduction Kudos to technological advancement, healthcare services is no longer confined within the walls of healthcare facilities. The large number of people that are involved today in developing newer technological means for humanitys sake is huge and inspiring. Advancement in healthcare sector has facilitated easier diagnosis of diseases, where treatment is more personalized. Technology has provided with better means of conducting research, collecting data and dealing with patient care. The treatment efficiency has been transported to an all-new level due to the leap taken by technology towards innovation. Both the structure along with the organization of the medical field stands altered today because of technological advancement. It is a tedious process of enlisting all possible technological changes, which has been witnessed by the health care sector. A few of the highlighting achievements has been shortlisted and discussed in the current study. Technological Trendsetters of healthcare A few of the latest technology that finds its use in healthcare sector has been discussed in the following sections: Mobile Stroke Units (MSUs) comprises of specially built ambulances that has staff (paramedic and stroke physician) equipped with providing prompt care and assessing the condition of the patient (Walter et al., 2012). Even before reaching the hospital, blood work is carried out, CT (Computed Tomography) scan as well as TPA (Tissue Plasminogen Activator) administration is also performed in order to save time (Free et al., 2013). Maximum people lose their lives during a stroke due to lack of prompt care (Kunz et al., 2016). Most of the times, the patients arrive to the hospital in a state when they are beyond help (Itrat et al., 2016). Studies have proved the effectiveness of MSUs and have shown that the response time has considerably reduced and the mortality rate has gone down (Koch et al., 2016). The blood-pressure management has also improved post the implementation of MSUs in treatment of strokes (Ebinger et al., 2014). A very recent study has also shown that the MSUs equipped with CT scanners with the new software that helps in deducing the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (e-ASPECTS), facilitated acute stroke care (Grunwald et al., 2016). This helps in providing management of stroke and assessing the treatment option before reaching the hospital. A lot of valuable time and lives can be saved this way. Miniature Leadless Pacemakers has become popular today due to its less bulky appearance in contrast to its previous versions (Ritter et al., 2015). They are specific for a single heart chamber and have proved to be more effective than the previous models. The Micra transcatheter is a commonly used miniature leadless pacemaker, which is specific to the ventricle of the heart (Reynolds et al., 2015). The conventional lead based pacemakers consisted of an external generator which used to be placed in the subcutaneous layer near the shoulder where it is connected to the electrodes, placed in the cardiac tissue (Tjong et al., 2015). Micra transcatheter has completely replaced the external generator and implanted directly in the ventricle and its implantation does not require a surgical procedure (Sperzel et al., 2015). The introduction of the Micro transcatheter has helped the patients avoid several complications associated with the conventional pacemakers. Some of the complications that were observed are breaks in insulation, obstruction of veins, infections (Udo et al., 2012). Conditions of haematoma and erosion of skin has been reported by patients (Kirkfeldt et al., 2013). The only limitation that cripples Micra is its single chamber technology (Seriwala et al., 2016). For a patient who would require dual chamber pace maker, would have to resort to the traditional pacemaker itself. There are two other leadless pacemakers, which is eyeing for a launch, namely, Nanostim and Wics (WiSE-CRT) (Auricchio et al., 2014). Robotic Surgery has helped the healthcare sector to overcome several shortcomings that were associated with conventional surgical practices. It has several advantages over traditional surgical techniques, such as, enhanced level of motion, improved visualization and in-depth acuity provided with the help of monitors that has three-dimensional effect, ease and comfort of working increases the collective efficiency of the surgeon (Panait et al., 2014). Robotic Surgery Stimulator (RoSS), helps in providing effective surgical training with the help of simulation (Hagen et al., 2012). In this way, the live demo option as seen in traditional surgical training is avoided. A major advantage of robotic surgery is its ability to perform suturing similar to the technique applied in open surgeries, thereby reducing the complications related to anastomoses as faced during laproscopy (Randell et al., 2014). The predicament faced by the surgeons in case of fulcrum effect as well as shudder as part of performing laproscopy, is overcome completely wit h robotic assistance (Dulan et al., 2012). Robotic surgery is time efficient and is more cost effective in comparison to traditional surgical methods (Salman et al., 2013). The infamous da Vinci surgical system is used to carry out different kinds of surgeries such as cardiac, urologic, gynecologic, colorectal, thoracic surgeries (Abboudi et al., 2013). The only limitation faced by the health care facilities is the initial high cost of installation and trained personnel to handle the robotic assistance (Wilensky, 2016). Nanotechnology is the call of the century and finds its use in several fields. Several attributes of nanotechnology are applied in healthcare, from nanobots to liposomes, acting as diagnosing means or delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) in healthcare have a huge domain of application. The most effective one is in the field of drug delivery. The idea of targeted drug delivery had evolved to provide safer incorporation of drugs in the system. The issue of MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant) bacteria has put the researchers in a fix as the pathogens can no longer be combated with the regular antibiotics (Ingale and Chaudhari, 2013). The small size of the NPs makes it eligible for drug delivery as it provides larger surface area which allows the binding of the molecules that are to be delivered at the target size (Khademhosseini Peppas, 2013). The issue of toxicity has also been solved today as researchers are developing biocompatible nanoparticles that do not have any adverse effect in the bo dy (Vashisht et al., 2012). Their small size allows easy uptake by cells and tissues in the body (Bhattarai Bhattarai, 2012). Studies have shown gold nanoparticles to be efficient in combating against MDR E. coli (Li et al., 2014). Gold nanoparticles are self-therapeutic in nature, it is also non-toxic, therefore proves to be a wise choice as a carrier (Khameneh et al., 2016). Discovery of theranostic nanoparticles has helped in diagnosing diseases by approaching the molecular level (Kaushik et al., 2015). The only limitation of NPs is its agglomeration in the body leading to toxicity (Tiwari, 2014). This has led to the emergence of nano biotechnology, which is working towards devising biocompatible scaffolds to reduce the toxicity (Yong, 2015). Other than drug delivery, NPs find extensible use as sensors and bio-imaging modules too. The latest contribution to healthcare from the technological aspect has been contributed by development of Google glass as a part of trauma care. Google glass is a successful resultant of the breakthrough achieved in the information and telecommunication technology. Google glass appears like a traditional pair of glasses, but the contrasting attributes includes a processing unit, a display screen, a camera, a microphone, a bone conduction transducer and equipped with Wifi connectivity (Muensterer et al., 2014). Study has proved its utility in maintaining the sterility in the operation theatre (Wu, Tully Dameff, 2014). The glass does not need to be touched to switch on. By simply tilting, the head a 20-30 can switch on the glasses (Grushka Ginzberg, 2014). It can also be used to record surgery sessions for future reference, which is completely, hands free (Andersen et al., 2015).Google glass has been helpful in studying forensic science too where a recorded assessment of autopsy ses sion (Liebert et al., 2016). This is helpful because textual documentation needs to be accompanied by imagination, which is based on considerable knowledge of human anatomy (Albrecht et al., 2014). In forensic analysis, the limitation faced is the lower camera resolution, which cannot match with the higher resolution of DSLRs (Digital Single Lens Reflex) (Yu et al., 2016). The only drawback is the issue of privacy. The unprotected streaming of videos takes place on the Google server (Jawad et al., 2015). Conclusion The latest technological advancement provides humanity with hope; however, the assurance is short lived. The complexity of the diseases, the resistive nature of the disease causing organisms, the trend seems to change every day. The advancement level has to be more progressive to make sure that a single life is not lost due to lack of treatment or care. Funding receives the top priority when it comes to discussing about technological advancement. Healthcare sector paints two different pictures for the world, on one hand, the pretty picture of hope and other one is a dreary expense list. Receiving good care has become a luxurious commodity. Not everyone can afford it. The day these facilities are equally available and utilized by all, that day humanity would truly become technologically advanced in healthcare. A cost effective approach has to be devised in order to make quality healthcare accessible to everyone. References: Abboudi, H., Khan, M. S., Aboumarzouk, O., Guru, K. A., Challacombe, B., Dasgupta, P., Ahmed, K. (2013). Current status of validation for robotic surgery simulatorsa systematic review.BJU international,111(2), 194-205. Albrecht, U. V., von Jan, U., Kuebler, J., Zoeller, C., Lacher, M., Muensterer, O. J., ... Hagemeier, L. (2014). Google Glass for documentation of medical findings: evaluation in forensic medicine. Journal of medical Internet research, 16(2), e53. Andersen, D., Popescu, V., Cabrera, M. E., Shanghavi, A., Gomez, G., Marley, S., ... Wachs, J. (2015). Virtual annotations of the surgical field through an augmented reality transparent display. The Visual Computer, 1-18. Auricchio, A., Delnoy, P. P., Butter, C., Brachmann, J., Van Erven, L., Spitzer, S., ... Regoli, F. (2014). Feasibility, safety, and short-term outcome of leadless ultrasound-based endocardial left ventricular resynchronization in heart failure patients: results of the Wireless Stimulation Endocardially for CRT (WiSE-CRT) study.Europace,16(5), 681-688. Bhattarai, N., Bhattarai, S. R. (2012). Theranostic nanoparticles: A recent breakthrough in nanotechnology.Journal of Nanomedicine Nanotechnology,2012. Dulan, G., Rege, R. V., Hogg, D. C., Gilberg-Fisher, K. M., Arain, N. A., Tesfay, S. T., Scott, D. J. (2012). Developing a comprehensive, proficiency-based training program for robotic surgery.Surgery,152(3), 477-488. Ebinger, M., Winter, B., Wendt, M., Weber, J. E., Waldschmidt, C., Rozanski, M., ... Villringer, K. (2014). Effect of the use of ambulance-based thrombolysis on time to thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: a randomized clinical trial.Jama,311(16), 1622-1631. Free, C., Phillips, G., Watson, L., Galli, L., Felix, L., Edwards, P., ... Haines, A. (2013). The effectiveness of mobile-health technologies to improve health care service delivery processes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS Med,10(1), e1001363. Grunwald, I. Q., Ragoschke-Schumm, A., Kettner, M., Schwindling, L., Roumia, S., Helwig, S., ... Lesmeister, M. (2016). First Automated Stroke Imaging Evaluation via Electronic Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score in a Mobile Stroke Unit.Cerebrovascular Diseases,42(5-6), 332-338. Grushka, J., Ginzburg, E. (2014). Through the 10-mm looking glass: advances in minimally invasive surgery in trauma. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery, 103(2), 143-148. Hagen, M. E., Pugin, F., Chassot, G., Huber, O., Buchs, N., Iranmanesh, P., Morel, P. (2012). Reducing cost of surgery by avoiding complications: the model of robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.Obesity surgery,22(1), 52-61. Ingale, A. G., Chaudhari, A. N. (2013). Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles and potential applications: An eco-friendly approach.Journal of Nanomedicine Nanotechnology,2013. Itrat, A., Taqui, A., Cerejo, R., Briggs, F., Cho, S. M., Organek, N., ... Uchino, K. (2016). Telemedicine in prehospital stroke evaluation and thrombolysis: taking stroke treatment to the doorstep.JAMA neurology,73(2), 162-168. Jawad, A., Trampleasure, O., Thaha, M., Ahmed, S. (2015). Google Glass: a valid tool for surgical education? A case study. The Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 97(10), 427-429. Kaushik, A., Kumar, R., Jayant, R. D., Nair, M. (2015). Nanostructured Gas Sensors for Health Care: An Overview.Journal of personalized nanomedicine,1(1), 10. Khademhosseini, A., Peppas, N. A. (2013). Microà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ and Nanoengineering of Biomaterials for Healthcare Applications.Advanced healthcare materials,2(1), 10-12. Khameneh, B., Diab, R., Ghazvini, K., Bazzaz, B. S. F. (2016). Breakthroughs in bacterial resistance mechanisms and the potential ways to combat them.Microbial pathogenesis,95, 32-42. Kirkfeldt, R. E., Johansen, J. B., Nohr, E. A., Jrgensen, O. D., Nielsen, J. C. (2013). Complications after cardiac implantable electronic device implantations: an analysis of a complete, nationwide cohort in Denmark.European heart journal, eht511. Koch, P. M., Kunz, A., Ebinger, M., Geisler, F., Rozanski, M., Waldschmidt, C., ... Bollweg, K. (2016). Influence of distance to scene on time to thrombolysis in a specialized stroke ambulance.Stroke,47(8), 2136-2140. Kunz, A., Ebinger, M., Geisler, F., Rozanski, M., Waldschmidt, C., Weber, J. E., ... Villringer, K. (2016). Functional outcomes of pre-hospital thrombolysis in a mobile stroke treatment unit compared with conventional care: an observational registry study.The Lancet Neurology,15(10), 1035-1043. Li, X., Robinson, S. M., Gupta, A., Saha, K., Jiang, Z., Moyano, D. F., ... Rotello, V. M. (2014). Functional gold nanoparticles as potent antimicrobial agents against multi-drug-resistant bacteria.ACS nano,8(10), 10682-10686. Liebert, C. A., Zayed, M. A., Aalami, O., Tran, J., Lau, J. N. (2016). Novel Use of Google Glass for Procedural Wireless Vital Sign Monitoring. Surgical innovation, 1553350616630142. Morganti, P., Tishchenko, G., Palombo, M., Kelnar, I., Brozova, L., Spirkova, M., ... Carezzi, F. (2013). Chitin nanofibrils for biomimetic products: Nanoparticles and nanocomposite chitosan films in health-care.Marine Biomaterials: Isolation, Characterization and Application, 681-715. Muensterer, O. J., Lacher, M., Zoeller, C., Bronstein, M., Kbler, J. (2014). Google Glass in pediatric surgery: an exploratory study. International journal of surgery, 12(4), 281-289. Panait, L., Shetty, S., Shewokis, P. A., Sanchez, J. A. (2014). Do laparoscopic skills transfer to robotic surgery?.Journal of Surgical Research,187(1), 53-58. Randell, R., Greenhalgh, J., Hindmarsh, J., Dowding, D., Jayne, D., Pearman, A., ... Kotze, A. (2014). Integration of robotic surgery into routine practice and impacts on communication, collaboration, and decision making: a realist process evaluation protocol.Implementation Science,9(1), 1. Reynolds, D., Duray, G. Z., Omar, R., Soejima, K., Neuzil, P., Zhang, S., ... Roberts, P. R. (2016). A leadless intracardiac transcatheter pacing system.New England Journal of Medicine,374(6), 533-541. Ritter, P., Duray, G. Z., Zhang, S., Narasimhan, C., Soejima, K., Omar, R., ... Reynolds, D. (2015). The rationale and design of the Micra Transcatheter Pacing Study: safety and efficacy of a novel miniaturized pacemaker.Europace, euv026. Salman, M., Bell, T., Martin, J., Bhuva, K., Grim, R., Ahuja, V. (2013). Use, cost, complications, and mortality of robotic versus nonrobotic general surgery procedures based on a nationwide database.The American surgeon,79(6), 553-560. Seriwala, H. M., Khan, M. S., Munir, M. B., Bin Riaz, I., Riaz, H., Saba, S., Voigt, A. H. (2016). Leadless pacemakers: A new era in cardiac pacing.Journal of cardiology,67(1), 1-5. Sperzel, J., Burri, H., Gras, D., Tjong, F. V., Knops, R. E., Hindricks, G., ... Defaye, P. (2015). State of the art of leadless pacing.Europace, euv096. Tiwari, A. (Ed.). (2014).Advanced Healthcare Materials. John Wiley Sons. Udo, E. O., Zuithoff, N. P., van Hemel, N. M., de Cock, C. C., Hendriks, T., Doevendans, P. A., Moons, K. G. (2012). Incidence and predictors of short-and long-term complications in pacemaker therapy: the FOLLOWPACE study.Heart Rhythm,9(5), 728-735. Vashist, S. K., Venkatesh, A. G., Mitsakakis, K., Czilwik, G., Roth, G., von Stetten, F., Zengerle, R. (2012). Nanotechnology-based biosensors and diagnostics: technology push versus industrial/healthcare requirements.Bionanoscience,2(3), 115-126. Walter, S., Kostopoulos, P., Haass, A., Keller, I., Lesmeister, M., Schlechtriemen, T., ... Helwig, S. (2012). Diagnosis and treatment of patients with stroke in a mobile stroke unit versus in hospital: a randomised controlled trial.The Lancet Neurology,11(5), 397-404. Wilensky, G. R. (2016). Robotic Surgery: An Example of When Newer Is Not Always Better but Clearly More Expensive.The Milbank Quarterly,94(1), 43-46. Wu, T., Dameff, C., Tully, J. (2014). Integrating Google Glass into simulation-based training: experiences and future directions. Journal of Biomedical Graphics and Computing, 4(2), 49. Yong, C. W. (2015). Study of interactions between polymer nanoparticles and cell membranes at atomistic levels.Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B,370(1661), 20140036. Yu, J., Ferniany, W., Guthrie, B., Parekh, S. G., Ponce, B. (2016). Lessons Learned From Google Glass Telemedical Spark or Unfulfilled Promise?. Surgical innovation, 23(2), 156-165.

Super Size Me Essay free essay sample

SuperSize Me shows that the food industry is to blame for the obesity epidemic in America. Do you agree? –Agree. Throughout the film, SuperSize Me shows that the food industry is to blame for the obesity epidemic in America. After watching the film, one would evidently come to terms with the fact that these industries are to blame. Spurlock presents information, outlining that these companies are only out to get your dollar, regardless of how they achieve their profits. As they continue to grow, these fast food industries find new ways to mass produce their food, quickly and cheaply. This in turn, sacrifices the quality of the food, as SuperSize Me emphasizes the cheap and health threatening ingredients they inject into their food though cartoons and other visual aids to help illustrate. Advertising also plays a major role in the companies’ scheme to inculcate their messages in your thinking, so you buy their product the next time you pass their stores. We will write a custom essay sample on Super Size Me Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The film also goes on to highlight that the convenience of these stores along with the addictive elements appended to them, will only have a short term effect on the consumer, stating if these â€Å"trends† continue for the average obese American, the average obese American may not be around for much longer. As one of the highlights of the film, SuperSize Me continually brings up the danger of fast foods has on our health. Spurlock shows the audience this each time he goes for his regular check up with his recruited army of doctors. Each time he attends, his heath clearly declines from its point of origin when the only dependent variable changing his body, is the food he consumes. Until the end of his diet, his ‘glorified’ poor health is accentuated through the words of his health experts as a result of the food he had been consuming. From a point of view outlining film technique, Spurlock ‘intimidates’ the audience with a disturbing 20 lbs. (9kg) jar full of fat placed on the table. This was a confronting move he played in order to get his audience thinking about the reality of the danger in fast food when it is placed in front of the individual. Even more so, Spurlock consumed 30lbs. of sugar by the end of his diet. Mostly in the coke, the sugar also accounted for about 10% of the meal, that is, the buns, meat and fries. The poor quality of the food also adds to the problem, in one snippet of the film, Spurlock continues about the â€Å"McFrankenstein† elements of meat they compose together to create foods â€Å"not utilised by the home cook. In this case, chicken nuggets were the issue. SuperSize Me also informs the audience of the use of advertising, and its psychological effects it can have on individuals. Fast food giants have learned that inculcating their messages into consumers’ minds; will get them in their stores and purchasing their products more often. They have seen advertising as an investment rather a waste of money as they spend â €Å"1. billion dollars on direct media advertising worldwide in 2001† By repetitively bombarding individuals with their brand or logo essentially brainwashes the way they make calculated decisions, next time meal time comes around. This is known as â€Å"brand imprinting† and the film focuses on how this infiltrates the minds of children in particular, stating each child will see â€Å"at least 10,000 advertisements on fast food alone each year. † Children chanting about the fast food brands at the start of the film is a great example of this; the repetitive chant effectively inundates the mind with constant thought of food. These brands aren’t just a food service; they are a basis of comfort as children conduct in playful games around these brands as if they are a part of their life. Spurlock conducted a small experiment on a handful of children to test this brand imprinting. He showed the kids multiple flash cards, each with an icon or image on it such as Wendy’s, Jesus, etcetera. Each time McDonalds came up, every child was able to identify it. Essentially, the bottom line of brand imprinting is to create a positive experience for the consumer at a young age. By doing so you create a safe haven for the customer experience, and as they become adults free to make their own decisions they are then hooked on the products of the company produces, and continues to purchase them. As the generations progress, this can pose a new problem with obesity having an echo effect on the generations to come. The convenience of these stores also contains contributing factors to the obesity epidemic. SuperSize Me shows fast food companies have made it too easy for consumers to get their hands on their products through the plethora of ways you can get your food. All too many times the audience is shown Spurlock receiving his food through the drive-thru or home delivery, but in some cases he will get it himself generally when McDonalds is just down the stairs from the sky rise he is in. The availability of these restaurants is also quite remarkable, Spurlock states â€Å"McDonalds operates over 30,000 restaurants in more than 100 countries on six continents† not to mention most of them never close up shop. On the other hand, some people seem to think that exercising personal responsibility can be the answer to the obesity casualty. This may be possible; however it is short-sighted thinking to overlook the facts about how these food giants have achieved to get to where they are now and continue to do. If we could exercise personal responsibility, then why didn’t we do so when these companies were at their weakest? They are where they are now because they worked around our will power with subtle plans of attack. SuperSize Me has given clear evidence that these food industries are a problem, and has taken an unfortunate turn to result in the harm of our general wellbeing. We can stop them by demanding change, rather than suing them for our problems we can go to our government and demand guidelines by which these companies has to follow by to serve fresh, healthy food that’s not loaded up with sugar and fat. By eating these foods, â€Å"we are part of the problem, but we are also part of the solution. † Wether chose to take action depicts the quality of life we bestow upon ourselves and future generations. â€Å"I guess the big question is, who do you want to see go first? You? Or them? †

The fonts that make you remember more - Emphasis

The fonts that make you remember more The fonts that make you remember more We are more likely to remember information when it is written in a hard-to-read font, according to psychologists at Princeton and Indiana universities. Researcher Connor Diemand-Yauman and his colleagues wanted to explore how fonts affect how much we remember from the text we read. They found that learning materials set in slightly harder-to-read fonts produced significantly higher scores in students’ assignments. Arial vs Comic Sans The researchers presented 28 participants with information about three species of aliens, and gave them 90 seconds to learn the features that identified them. For half the participants, the information was presented in clear 16-point, black Arial font. Information for the remaining participants was presented in Comic Sans or Bodoni fonts, both in grey and 12-point. Participants were later tested on the identifying features of the alien species. Those who had learnt from the harder-to-read fonts answered 86.5 per cent of questions correctly, compared with 72.8 per cent by those who learnt from the easy-to-read fonts. The researchers replicated the findings in a similar study at a school in Chesterland, Ohio. Levels of processing So why did the participants remember more about the harder-to-read samples? Diemand-Yauman suggests that when we find something easy to read, we tend to take it as a sign that we already have mastery of the material. But when fonts make reading slightly harder, we often doubt whether we instantly ‘get’ it. As a result, we are more likely to go over the information again to make sure we fully understand it. This encourages deeper processing in the brain, which makes us remember more about the text. But that doesnt mean you use Cloister Black for your reports from now on. Improving readability One of the main challenges of writing is producing a document that people actually read. The participants in the studies above were more likely to read than normal. This is because text was given to them by people in authoritative positions (psychologists, teachers) and in test conditions. But your report isn’t an experiment. And your target audience may not feel obliged to read your piece at all, especially if it’s that little bit harder to read, or it’s set in an inappropriate font. Besides, there’s more to business writing than getting people to remember the details in your documents. It is about setting a good impression too. Much like wearing a suit, your clients will judge your written output on presentation, and one way to get this right is to use the best fonts. Serif vs sans serif fonts Serif fonts are those with the twiddly strokes at the ends of characters (eg Times New Roman, Minion). There is an argument that serif fonts are more distinctive than sans serif fonts (without strokes, eg Arial, Calibri), and are therefore easier to read. However, there are plenty more studies that show there is no difference between them in terms of legibility. Interaction designer Alex Poole thinks most mainstream typefaces are equally legible. He says, ‘It makes much more sense to argue in favour of serif or sans serif typefaces on aesthetic grounds than on the question of legibility.’ Fonts help to set the tone of your professional identity. For business writing, they need to be formal but approachable; sensible but not staid; and consistent, not erratic. That’s why at Emphasis we prefer Arial, a sans serif font, because it is plain, clear and simple – just the qualities we recommend in writing. Reference: Fortune favors the bold (and the italicized): effects of disfluency on educational outcomes, Connor Diemand-Yauman et al, Cognition, Vol 118 (January 2011). To learn more about how we can help you, your team or your entire organisation transform your writing at work, download our free course catalogue today.

Disney Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disney - Case Study Example Brands define or break the industry because brands help to organize inventory and accounting records. Moreover, customers are intricate about brands because it defines their personality. A legal function that brands offers is that that brand name can be protected through registered trademarks. The risk of expanding this business is competition and losing this intricate value itself. If Disney expands their organizations, the cost of this experience will be less because it will be more widely available. This will diminish not only the experience itself but the local businesses that reap the incentives from Disney. This also makes Disney lose leverage on the exclusivity because other vendors are less likely to pour their investments to Disney itself. Brand loyalty provides security and forecasting of the demand for Disney itself. More importantly, it creates barriers to entry that make it difficult for other firms to enter the market. Walt Disney Company Mission Statement - Vision, Headquarters and Founders Facts and Trivia of the Walt Disney Brand. (n.d.). About.com Retail Industry. Retrieved June 1, 2014, from

Theology second paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theology second paper - Essay Example It requires them to make reference from the Bible for their daily mannerisms. The belief in Jesus Christ also negotiates their reactions towards the modern society (Moore, 2). The modern society engrosses diverse challenges brought by technology and social dynamics. Therefore, Christians respond to the contemporary social situations in reference with their affiliation with Jesus Christ. Jesus’ death for everyone in the world exhibited his unconditional love. Through this act, Jesus demonstrated equal attention of each person regardless of their originality and background. The modern society is experiencing pronounced inequalities towards particular people and groups (Chopp, 3). Social stratification is an evident phenomenon across the modern society. This challenge requires the Christians to respond in a particular manner. They ought to respond in their belief towards the nature of Jesus Christ. They ought to make a reference to the manifestation of Christ’s love at the cross. He died for each person regardless of their background and originality. The book of I Corinthians 15:1-5 demonstrates the essence of Christ’s death for the human race. It clearly reveals that Christ died for each individual in society (Hanson, 22). Upon observation of Christ’s unconditional love that is free from discrimination, Christians ought to express the same in the modern society. Therefore, this move will entail embracing all the differences amongst the people in society and expressing unconditional love towards them. The contemporary American society has manifested intense levels of discrimination. Persons are highly discriminated and deprived of their rights according to their backgrounds (Chopp, 3). America is a society that entails diverse personalities with unique backgrounds. Within this society, there are immigrants as well as white natives. The key challenge in this society is the persistent antagonism amongst the ethnic clusters. Immigrant

Essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Questions - Essay Example One important principle of the modern model of organization is that the sensory system is parallel. This means that information moves between different structures along multiple pathways simultaneously. Another important principle of the modern model is that the system is functionally segregated. This means that structures in the system are comprised of different parts that specialize in different kinds of analysis. A third important principle of the modern model is that the system is organized hierarchically, which means that information flows through brain structures in a specific order based on how functionally and nueroanatomically complex they are. One way the olfactory system is different from other systems is that there is no thalamic relay when sensory activity is transferred to the olfactory bulb. This means that the olfactory system bypasses the thalamus; which controls the flow of information to the cortex. Another way the olfactory system is different is that the receptor neurons of the system are continuously replaced through mitotic division. This continual replacement occurs because olfactory neurons are exposed directly to the environment; therefore the neurons have a very high vulnerability and need to be replaced continuously. One effect of damage to the posterior parietal cortex is known as Apraxia, which usually occurs as a result of damage to the left side of the cortex. Apraxia inhibits voluntary action. One example would be not being able to lift your arm on command. Another effect of this type of damage is called Contralateral Neglect. This damage usually occurs on the right side of the cortex and makes the person unable to respond to stimuli on the opposite side where the damage occurs. People with this type of damage often ignore putting make-up on or shaving one side of their face; usually the left side. Another feature is called motor equivalence. This means that programs are stored at

How To Overcome Cross Cultural Communication Barriers English Language Essay

How To Overcome Cross Cultural Communication Barriers English Language Essay Which aspects of the local culture would you wish to observe and understand in order to avoid problems of cross-cultural communication? Culture means the customary beliefs, social norms, values, material traits, and behavior patterns transmitted from generation to generation that distinguish groups of people. Cultural background affects how individuals communicate and how they interpret messages received from others. Corporate Culture: Five generally recognized core cultural dimensions are ethnicity, race, gender, age physical disability. In addition to these core cultural dimensions for individuals, organizations such as corporations have behavioral expectations, values, and patterns of operation that are referred to as organizational or corporate culture. Large corporations such as Microsoft seek personnel diversity that represents the multicultural environment in which the organization operates. The Standards of Conduct for Microsoft states the belief that retaining and fully engaging diverse talents leads to enhanced innovation in products and services. Cross-Cultural Communication The ability to successfully foster, improve form relationships with the members of different cultures is known as cross-cultural communication.. It is based on other cultures manners, values, decision-making practices, social structure perceptions, and the way of communication of group members in person, verbal or non verbal, or in writing. 1. For understanding to take place, both people must have some form of knowledge or awareness regarding the norms or customs that exist in each others culture. 2. It is essential that people understand the potential problems of cross-cultural communication, and make a conscious effort to overcome these problems and important to assume that ones efforts will not always be successful, and adjust ones behavior appropriately. 3. For example, one should always assume that there is a significant possibility that cultural differences are causing communication problems, and be willing to be patient and forgiving, rather than hostile and aggressive, if problems develop. One should respond slowly and carefully in cross-cultural exchanges, not jumping to the conclusion that you know what is being thought and said. 4. If words are used differently between languages or cultural groups, however, even active listening can overlook misunderstandings. Active listening can sometimes be used to check this out-by repeating what one thinks he or she heard, one can confirm that one understands the communication accurately. 5. Intermediaries are helpful in translating both the substance and the manner of what is said. The impact different cultures have on peoples behavior, emotions and thought processes are the focus of cross-cultural psychology. The norms and values within a culture go a long way toward shaping a persons psychological make-up and how she interacts with her environment. 6. Cross-cultural research examines how different cultures compare in terms of human behavior. The purpose of this research is to address the growing conflicts and global concerns that arise as a result of cultural differences. Impact of Cross-Cultural Differences on Employees behavior: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Individual behavior in organizational setting varies across cultures. The behavior patterns are likely to be widespread and pervasive within an organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Culture itself is an important variable for this variation. There are also other factors like differing standards of living and varied geographical conditions which cause variations in behavior. However, culture is a significant factor. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Although behavior within organizational setting remains quite diverse across cultures, organizations themselves appear to be increasingly similar. Hence, managerial practices at a general level may be alike, but the people who work with in organizations differ markedly. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The same manager behaves differently in different cultural settings. A manager may adopt one set of behaviors when working in one culture, but may change those behaviors when moved into a different culture. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cultural diversity can be an important source of energy in enhancing organizational effectiveness. More and more organizations are realizing the virtues of cultural diversity, but surprisingly, little do they know how to manage it. Issues in Cross-Cultural Communication: 1. Language: When people do business, they need to be speaking the same language. Even if two folks are not naturals of a certain language, there must exist a certain consistency in the verbiage in order to avoid some potentially catastrophic circumstances. 2. Workplace: More and more managers are seeing problems within their own workplace because of a lack of understanding of other cultures. It simply involves two people of a different ethnic background who do not understand the other culture well enough to effectively communicate with each other. 3. Lack of communication: This most often occurs when managers and upper level management do not feel the need to communicate with their workers because they do not know how. 4. Use of jargons: workers do not mean to harm anyone when they choose hurtful words, but the damage can often times be irreparable. In this case, it is always better to be safe than to be sorry. Barriers of Communication: A number of communication barriers exist when we are interacting with people from different cultures. These are: (a) Discrimination Harassment: 1. Discrimination is showing favoritism toward or prejudicial rejection of people because of differences. 2. Business communication between the sexes calls for a clear understanding of remarks and actions that could be construed as sexual harassment. 3. Sexual harassment is unwelcome behavior of a sexual nature or with sexual overtones. It may occur for men as well as women. 4. A victim of continued offensive behavior should report the harassment to the proper person in the organization. b) Lack of knowledge understanding of cultures: An understanding of cultures means being aware that individuals within each culture have similarities and differences. It means responding to people as individuals while recognizing that cultural backgrounds and experiences influence behavior and communication. c) Cultural Relativism Ethnocentrism: 1. Cultural relativism compares the values and behavior of different cultures and usually means judging them against standards of right and wrong. This approach to other cultures becomes a barrier when you assume that cultural beliefs, values and behaviors are wrong if they differ from those of your culture. 2. Ethnocentrism is the inherent belief that your own cultural tradition and values are correct and superior. People around the world are ethnocentric to a degree. Beliefs, values, and behaviors that differ from those of your culture may seem peculiar, strange and even wrong. d) Language: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ An increase in multicultural interactions presents language challenges. When organizations communicate with the large number of people who speak the languages other than English misunderstandings may occur. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Non verbal language influences the receivers understanding and acceptance of a spoken message. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ If the message receiver perceives a difference between the senders verbal and nonverbal messages, he or she is more likely to believe the non-verbal than the verbal communication. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ In multicultural business communication, non verbal signs vary as much as spoken languages do. Nonverbal greetings vary from a bow to a handshake or from a hug to an upward flick of the eyebrows. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Not understanding cultural differences in nonverbal messages causes communication problems. How to overcome Cross-Cultural Communication barriers? 1. Introducing employees who will be working together in a non-threatening environment enables a good working relationship long term. Learning about another cultures language, rules and norms for acceptable behavior helps prepare your employees to deal with situations as they arise. 2. Conducting activities to demonstrate how dependent we are on language. 3. Provide workshops, tips and techniques for communicating effectively in cross-cultural work environments. 4. Coach employees to mediate conflicts related to cultural misunderstandings. Provide opportunities for employees to respond to situations from viewpoints different than their own. Multicultural Communication Guidelines: (a) Understand your own culture: Improve communication with others by increasing awareness of your own culture and its influences on your beliefs, values, and behavior patterns. Recognize that your cultural background and experiences shape how you think, what you value, and how you communicate. (b) Identify and adapt to language differences: If you are communicating with persons from another culture, learn how that cultures verbal and nonverbal languages differ from your own. Observe and learn the meaning of nonverbal communication signal such as facial expressions, social distance for conversing, and hand gestures. Avoid nonverbal signals that may be offensive. (c) Keep an open mind and respect diversity: Learn about other cultures, beliefs, and customs without judging them by your own cultural identity and unexamined biases. This is not to suggest that you change your beliefs or disrespects your own culture, but rather that you recognize that cultural values affect beliefs and behaviors and that understanding how others interpret verbal and nonverbal language helps your communication receive the intended response. High Context vs. Low Context Cultures: S.No. High Context Low Context Indirect communication patterns Direct and specific communication 2. Fewer words, more nonverbal clues High value on words rather than shared background. 3. Simple, ambiguous messages Structured messages with technical details. 4. Highly verbal people perceived as unattractive; smiling associate with nervousness. Informal, smile frequently, and frequent use of hand gestures and facial expressions 5. Reliance on long term relationships and underlying messages. Transitory personal relationships; shared background not assumed for meanings. 6. Long term view of time. Short term view of time. 7. Appointments considered flexible, on time may be within a half hour , week, or month Emphasis on appointments, management of schedules, and punctuality. 8. Vague, non confrontational language preferences Focus on getting a job done, succeeding, and profitability 9. Honor and face more important than business; defer to power and position Transitory personal relationships; ideas and people assumed as equals. Strategies for Effective Communication: http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTuQKF8lZfBNthoB1APi30XXqaOXA0uGktFUVy1f4sKgvz7HhcewA Aspects of Japanese Culture Communication Relationships: 1. On the basis of personal relationships, Japanese prefer to do business. 2. Greetings or seasonal cards maintain good relationships. 3. The person should be good correspondent to maintain communication relationship with the Japanese. 4. Being recommended by someone who already know the Japanese company also have good relationships would create a good impression. Business Negotiation: 1. Person must be vigilant at observing Japaneses non-verbal communication as they have crucial time saying no. 2. Japanese are non confrontational. 3. Japanese prefer broad agreements. 4. Never raise your voice or loose temper during negotiations. 5. Be patient as Japanese remain silent for long time. 6. A gesture of goodwill using Japanese lawyer. Meeting Etiquette: 1. Wait to be introduced. 2. Formal greetings ritualized. 3. Impolite to introduce yourself. 4. Show correct amount of respect. 5. Traditional form of greeting bow. Understanding Foreign Ways: 1. They dont expect foreigners to speak or read in Japanese language. 2. As long as respect is shown, mistakes are allowed. 3. They are ready to help always but often feel embarrassed due to lack of knowledge of English. Non-Verbal communication of Japanese: 1. Frowning is considered as a sign of disagreement when someone is speaking. 2. An impassive expression is maintained by Japanese while speaking. 3. Japanese rely on tone of voice, posture facial expression to tell them what someone feels. 4. Staring at another persons eyes is considered disrespectful. 5. Scratching the eyebrow, inhaling through clenched teeth, scratching back of the head tilting the head are some expressions to watch out. Dining Etiquette: 1.Remove shoes put on slippers before entering. 2. For dinner, arrive on time. 3. Dress formally until youve not been told that the occasion is casual. 4. Put on the toilet slippers before going to the toilet then remove it when youre finished. Dress Etiquette: 1. Men should wear conservative, dark colored suits. 2. Business attire is conservative. 3. Women should dress conservatively. Business Meeting Etiquettes: 1. Rather than sending fax, letter or email, its better to telephone for an appointment. 2. Appointments should be made in advance for several weeks. 3. Arrive on time for meetings. Be punctual. 4. Japanese may take several weeks to be comfortable with you. Be patient and calm. 5. To prove trustworthiness ability, respond quickly. 6. Present the senior most member of the company with a gift , at the end of the meeting. 7. Never refuse a respect by Japanese, as they believe in Long-term relationships. 8. A small amount of business may be awarded as a trial tto know if you meet your commitments. 9. The most senior Japanese person will be seated furthest from the door, with the rest of the people in descending rank until the most junior person is seated closest to the door. 10. Being a group society is ready for a group meeting, even if you are expecting to meet only one person. 11. Always provide a package of literature about your company including articles and client testimonials . . .

Saint Bridit and African American Women Saints :: travel, saints, African Americans,

One of my class mates traveles to Ireland every year. My class mate stated each time she visits Ireland that she gets a greater understanding of women in the early days. We both come from a baptist, penecostal and apstolic background, I would like to compare the roles of Saint Bridit and women in the church, the only black women preachers preached about in the baptist church was harriet tuckman. The other women talked about in church was Mary the mother of Jesus Christ. However Mary the mother of Jesus did increase my faith, however I know it was much knowledge to be gained concerning women. My Classmate who traveled to Ireland last year was able to share with me about Saint Bridit, I was anxious to know about the great saints in Ireland. I was eagered to know about Saint Bridit because when I was born my mother named me Cassandra and back in Celtic tradition my name meant Prophetess and Godesss and Bridit was considered to be a Godess as well. While attending Ohio Dominican my instructor gave an lecture on Saint Bridit and women in the ancient Celtic Tradition, which drove me to write about Bridgit. I wanted to know who this women was who brought a powerful presence to Ireland, her name was so recognized that she was honored by man and women in highplaces. I was overwhelmed when I read an article on Saint Bridit, I felt so apart of this women. Back in my mothers day and in some churches today women are not honored let alone recognized for any five fold ministry gifts in the church. My class mate recently told me she did visit a well in Ireland that was named after saint Brigit. This was overwhelming to me because when we was growing up I did know of any wells named after any African American Women Saints. When we attended the Baptist Church coming up as children, women in the Baptist church ironed the Choir robes, raised money for Pastors Aide, Coordinate Mission trips, raised money for outreach, taught Sunday School and over the Nursey. Women was not recognized as Pastors, Bishops and Founders, We knew men was in charge in the church, I noticed only time women was recognized in the churrch is when they was raising money for church and Pastor.

Highlight on Nations Hostile to the United States: Outlook in Iran and North Korea Essay

The proliferation of nuclear weapons combined with anti-American sentiment in government and rogue groups in Iran and North Korea certainly give rise for concern in the United States’ government’s dealing with these countries. The nature of these hostilities must be uncovered in order to proceed with understanding how these sentiments arose historically, culturally, and as a potential part of religiosity. Certainly the political regimes of both countries have their similarities in the propaganda that is portrayed to each country’s citizens respectively. However, groups like Hezbollah in Iran certainly make this country unique, considering the rogue nature of this group as well as the religious underpinnings that help to support it and it’s militancy. However, North Korea is unlike Iran in that the citizens of North Korea are strictly under the hard and heavy rule of the regime without rogue groups and religions motivations to further complicate this anti-American issue. In looking at both political regimes, Iran is a theocracy with religion as it’s core base of decisions made for and against the Western and non-Arab world. North Korea is a highly rigid authoritarian regime that violates the human rights of it’s people consistently in order to scare them into submission. As well, the propaganda that is spread regarding the Western world keeps citizens in both countries in a very fearful and controlled environment. When this fear leads to anger, it is of no surprise that citizens turn to a militant way of thinking, in order to stave of their fear. However, in Iran religion also demonizes non-Muslim citizens and leaders of the United States as infidels, deserving of punishment. In North Korea, religion plays no motive, but the move to militancy is a way to stave of starvation and imprisonment, which is a common tactic of Kim Jong-il’s regime. This type of socialization experienced by the people of both countries is a part of the strict indoctrination by two regimes that employ fear as a weapon of mass control. Conversely, the American people are in fear of weapons of mass destruction and the divide between the American culture and the two Eastern cultures are vast. The regime of Kim Jong-il can be considered more of a cult with a cult following of the people of North Korea toward their leader, who is worshipped like a religious God might be. On the other hand Mahmoud Ahmadinejad is classed as a president of his country, through a supposedly democratic and theocratic election. However, many members of opposing parties have voiced concern over the fairness of these elections. Dissent toward Ahmadinejad has been met with violence and imprisonment, as well as dissent against Kin Jong-il. Therefore, it is fair to say that since Kim Jong-il is to remain North Korea’s leader throughout his lifetime and that there is much speculation that Ahmadinejad can unfairly rig elections, that the people have reason to be fearful of the power of the ruling party for an indefinite period of time. Certainly the religious customs associated with Islam can be upsetting to women, as they are oppressed and virtually voiceless in the cultural and military change that might be beneficial to peace and prosperity to the future of Iran. Men in this country, on the other hand, have little incentive to change, since their gender allows them much power. The fact that the government, as well, supports Hezbollah, Hamas, and other Palestinian terrorist organizations and has be known to harbor members of Al Qaeda and the Taliban also gives the men in this country a reason to see how militancy is a way to join in causes that have meaning to them culturally and have the potential to unite them with an entire movement across borders and with supporters in various countries in the Muslim world and elsewhere. Although it must be noted that this type of unified Arab ideal is a relatively new cultural trend, as much of the hatred that is aimed toward America is sourced to be from America’s support of Iraq in the Iran-Iraq War. As well, interpreting the Quaran as a source of inspiration for militancy can compound the problem with men in the country becoming a part of a militant group. Although, women cannot be counted out completely, most of the members of militant groups are men. The militancy of the people of North Korea can be contributed to the strict government policy that supports military strength and has allies with similarly strong governments with notably strong armies; China and Russia. Though the people of North Korea are in dire poverty, the military is one way of avoiding this and becoming part of an aspiring nation that simply refuses to stop acquiring and testing missiles despite sanctions imposed by the United States and their allies. Certainly when sanctions involve economic issues, such as cutting off needed food or equipment for farming, the already indoctrinated people of the country can easily back this leader when he makes hateful claims about and against America. As well, the nature of the country to be cut-off from modes of information from the outside world does nothing to help the citizens in realizing that their severely impoverished country with a horrible record of human rights violations is not always giving out correct and accurate information about their enemy, the United States. It can be stated that Kim Jong-il and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad are in essence, terrorists themselves as they terrorize their citizens through oppression, indoctrination, and propaganda. The citizens of both countries are socialized from an early age to see the power of the ruling party and the futility of uprising against them. The fear that is instilled in the people can then translate in militancy and a feeling of being part of something powerful or productive. In the case of the military members of North Korea, poverty can be averted. In the case of Iran, a feeling of following the Quaran along with being united with Muslims all over the world can lead to a powerful military force either through the state of insurgency groups.

5 Cases of Too Few or Too Many Hyphens

5 Cases of Too Few or Too Many Hyphens 5 Cases of Too Few or Too Many Hyphens 5 Cases of Too Few or Too Many Hyphens By Mark Nichol When it comes to hyphenation, prose often suffers from the Goldilocks effect: either too much or too little, but seldom just right. Here are some erroneously constructed elements along with repaired revisions that let them eat, sit, or sleep with contentment. 1. â€Å"Scientists have found that a second, as-yet smaller wave of mussel extinctions followed in the late twentieth century.† The key point is not a smaller wave that is as yet that makes no sense. The reference is to a wave that is as yet, or up to now, smaller; it’s an as-yet-smaller wave: â€Å"Scientists have found that a second, as-yet-smaller wave of mussel extinctions followed in the late twentieth century.† 2. â€Å"They criticized the arbitrary measures taken so far on the air-travel security front.† The front in question is not a security front pertaining to air travel; it is a front pertaining to air-travel security. For that reason, security should be linked to â€Å"air travel† to modify front as one unit: â€Å"They criticized the arbitrary measures taken so far on the air-travel-security front.† (The progression is â€Å"air travel† to â€Å"air-travel security† to â€Å" air-travel-security front.†) In order to avoid an adjective stack, a writer could, with slightly more formality, conversely relax the sentence to read, â€Å"They criticized the arbitrary measures taken so far in the area of air-travel security† (or â€Å". . . in the area of security during air travel†). 3. â€Å"We offer an industry leading cloud based property management solution.† This sentence seems to cry out for a handout of hyphens to link pairs of words (â€Å"industry-leading,† â€Å"cloud-based,† â€Å"property-management†). But that solution ignores the fact that with or without the requisite hyphens to link words to form hyphenated compounds, this sentence is an adjective-stacking train wreck. Let’s turn this loco locomotive around: â€Å"We offer a cloud-based solution for property management that leads the industry.† (It’s still empty-headed branding gobbledygook, but it’s relaxed empty-headed branding gobbledygook.) 4. â€Å"That’s enough to power about 90 percent of a 1,500-square foot home.† This sentence is not about the energy needs of a foot home that consists of 1,500 squares; it’s about the energy needs of a home that encompasses 1,500 square feet. Those three words pertaining to horizontal area should all be hyphenated to form a three-car train modifying home: â€Å"That’s enough to power about 90 percent of a 1,500-square-foot home.† 5. â€Å"They are turning a blind eye to what their low and middle ranking members do on the streets.† This writer evidently forgot what he or she had ever learned about suspensive hyphenation and simply omitted any hyphens. One more time: â€Å"low and middle rank members† is slight shorthand for â€Å"low-ranking members† and â€Å"middle-ranking members.† To signal that ranking applies to low as well as middle, low retains a hyphen in spite of the omission of the first iteration of ranking: â€Å"They are turning a blind eye to what their low- and middle-ranking members do on the streets.† (Because â€Å"low-[ranking members]† and â€Å"middle-ranking members† are separate items, â€Å"low-and-middle-ranking members† is wrong.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a SentenceBest Websites to Learn English10 Tips About How to Write a Caption